Lombok
is about three-quarters the size of Bali and is estimated to have,
surprisingly, approximately 2.5 million inhabitants, making it slightly
more densely populated than Bali. As already mentioned Lombok is
only 70 kilometres east of Bali and is separated from it by the
ecologically significant Wallace Line (the Wallace Line is the line
of demarcation, separating Equatorial Asia from Marsupial Australia,
which marks vast and immediately noticeable changes in the flora
and fauna of Bali).
Lombok
lies as well only 375km south of the equator. Therefore the weather
is tropical. Days are almost universally 12 hours long; sunrise
is approximately at 6:20 a.m., sunset at 6:30 p.m. depending on
the time of year. The average daytime temperature is between 27°
C to 30° C (80° F to 90° F) along the western coastal
area (the main tourist venue). The average inland temperature is
29° C to 34° C. And if you plan to trek onto Mt. Rinjani
bring a sweater along - with 3,726 metres it is Indonesia's second
highest mountain and it gets surprisingly cold up there.
Lombok's
tropical monsoon climate has two distinct seasons: dry (May to September)
and wet (October to March). Monsoon refers to the wind, not to the
rain. However even in the wet monsoon season the rain tends to be
short-lived and localized. Weather-wise May, June and July are generally
considered the best months.
History
The
majority of Lombok's population is Sasak. No one really seems to
know for sure where the Sasak people originate from - some believe
from India due to their darker complexions and curlier hair. However,
many believe that there was an influx of immigrants to Lombok from
Java some time in the 14th century following the collapse of the
Hindu Majapahit when the Islam spread eastwards from Sumatra to
Java. Most Sasak today practice their own local interpretation of
Islam that has elements of Hinduism and indigenous Wetu Telu beliefs
mixed in. Almost ironically Islam was introduced to Lombok through
the spice trade by the Bugis' traders from Makassar when the Hindu
Majapahit was controlling most of Indonesia.
The
Dutch arrived and colonised the eastern part of Lombok in the 17th
century, leaving the western part of the island to the Balinese
until 1894, when the Dutch took over the entire island. However,
while the Balinese ruled they put in a lot of effort to create another
"Bali", building numberless temples and water palaces
and introducing their particular brand of Hinduism. Even today the
most interesting tourist sites were built by the Balinese. Visitors
to Mataram, Cakranegara, Ampenan and Senggigi in the western-most
portion of Lombok may be forgiven if they think that Lombok and
Bali are similar. However, when going into the interior the similarities
end.
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